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To meet tungsten divertor pumping requirement an in-vessel cryo-pump was designed to install in upper divertor area.
Although heat exchanger comprising of very small channel can achieve very high heat flux, its pumping requirement for circulating liquid increases very sharply.
Additionally, interdigitated flow field designs may have higher local flooding risk in the inlet channels and relatively large pumping requirement at low current densities.
The pumping requirement can be reduced by increasing the number of channels either by vertical or horizontal stacking; the flow velocity through each channel is reduced for the same total mass flow rate of the liquid.
No difference was observed between the drying curves under pulsed and conventional fluidization: therefore, due to the lower pumping requirement, energy savings can be achieved with the pulsed fluidization technique without affecting the production yield.
Third, the use of enhancement can reduce pumping requirement in some cases, as enhanced HE can achieve higher overall heat transfer coefficients with lower velocities, which may lead to lower friction losses.
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Biofouling not only reduces heat transfer performance significantly, but also causes considerable pressure drop, calling for higher pumping requirements.
The total test program demonstrated that the adopted design concept meets all the ITER pumping requirements.
The hot water heating systems are explored with the details of the main piping-layout options, pumping requirements and characteristics.
The cell is normally undivided, which greatly reduces design complexity and cost, whilst also reducing the flow pumping requirements.
For the international nuclear fusion project ITER the NBI system makes great demands on the pumping requirements.
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