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Results from the model shows that this refrigerator can give a similar COP to that from single-effect refrigerators with mechanical pump circulation.
The model did not select the following factors to be included: unstable haemodynamic condition before surgery, cirrhosis, neurological dysfunction, endocarditis, cancer, stroke, any other previous surgery that opened the pericardium, and the use of off pump circulation.
The ejection fraction was = 50 for about 71% of the patients, but was < 30 for 2.75%; 2.23% of subjects had undergone a previous CABG; during the intervention 29.4% of patients had off pump circulation.
The factors most strongly associated with the outcome as identified by the univariate analysis were: ejection fraction, dialysis, pulmonary hypertension, shock and emergency condition; factors not significantly associated were endocarditis and the "on/off pump circulation" (Table 1).
One of the main advantages of the flooded system is a great heat-transfer coefficient because boiling liquid completely wets the internal surface of the evaporator; the lower the vapour content at the exit of the evaporator the greater this coefficient, so it is advisable to employ pump circulation to increase the liquid: vapour ratio.
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Moreover, comparison of three mixing methods indicates that gas mixing is more efficient than mixing by pumped circulation while it is less efficient than mechanical mixing.
These codes have been well validated by the pumped circulation systems and high-pressure natural circulation systems, but the applicabilities to simulate the thermal-hydraulic behaviors of open natural circulation have not been well proven by literatures.
These best estimate codes have been developed for pumped circulation systems and it is not proven about their adequacy or applicability for natural circulation systems wherein the driving mechanism is completely different.
The experiments demonstrate that the axial vertical fibre orientation is superior to transversal orientation for two-phase flow filtration and a higher flux can be achieved with pumped circulation rather than with the airlift system because pumping liquid through the cell can result in a more stable and regular slug flow.
Information on the type and circumstances of the intervention (CABG isolated intervention, associated with other cardiac or extra-cardiac procedures, elective or emergency, on-pump or off-pump circulation) was also collected.
The system thermal performance under natural water circulation was found better than the pump-circulation mode.
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