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The particle number concentration was positively associated with the puff duration and puff flow rate.
The peak heating coil temperature and the count median diameter (CMD) of EC aerosols increased with a longer puff duration and a lower puff flow rate.
With continuous puff flow, aerosol is being generated from the first moment the puff activates; by contrast, if the bell curve profile was employed for e-cigarette puffing, insufficient aerosol would be generated across the puff duration.
There are numerous regimes and voltage setting an electronic device can be puffed at, and we have already talked about how puff duration is more important than volume, and that how higher voltage activation results in greater aerosol delivery.
As we can see here, the puffing parameters (specifically the puff duration and square profile instead of bell) and voltage settings play a significant role in aerosol nicotine delivery.
Puff parameters used were: 35 mL puff volume, 2 s puff duration, one puff every 60 s; this protocol was based on an ISO standard machine-smoking method [41].
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Instead, we used actual recorded topography profiles obtained previously from individual smokers, which were uploaded unmodified, in the case of the true puffing profile (TP), or averaged and manually entered as a single puff volume, duration, and interpuff interval for the number of puffs taken, in the case of the smoothed profile (SM), to program the smoking machine.
The same puffing regime was selected to allow the most appropriate comparison between products and puffs (volume, duration and interval); however the square wave puffing profile is required for e-cigarette vaping to ensure a continuous flow rate for the duration of the puff [17].
Training caused a shift in the distribution of these activity peak times towards more uniform coverage of the interval of interest, spanning tone and puff stimulus durations as well as the intervening trace period.
When smokers switch to low or ultra low yield cigarettes, many of them alter their smoking behaviours to maintain their usual intake of tar and nicotine; they might increase the number of puffs per cigarette, the volume of each puff, or the duration of each puff [ 11].
This chamber contains a smoking machine (Model TE-10, Teague Enterprises, Davis, CA) that burns 5 cigarettes (2R4F reference cigarettes (2.45 mg nicotine/cigarette; Tobacco Research Institute, University of Ky) at a time, taking 2 second duration puffs at a flow rate of 1.05 l/min, to provide a standard puff of 35 cm3, providing a total of 8 puffs per minute.
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