The role of commercial insurance is in flux, however, with between one-third and two-thirds of public treatment addiction programs now receiving commercial insurance funding and the National Drug Control Strategy recommending increasing this role.
By arbitrarily ruling out certain areas, the judges suggested, the ordinances could deny offenders access to public transportation, treatment programs and employment.
Predictors of immuno-virologic outcomes and discordance and their associations with clinical, demographic, socio-economic and behavioral risk factors are not well described in Nigeria since HIV viral load testing is not routinely offered in public HIV treatment programs.
This study is a retrospective audit of the administrative clinical records of 27,198 adults presenting to public Texas treatment programs with cannabis as their primary drug problem between 2000 and 2005.
A survey of a purpose-built data system that tracks the public sector antiretroviral treatment program in Malawi found that most clinics had complete case registration and clinical outcomes data but that case registration data were accurate in only 40% of sites [9].
A recent retrospective study from Soweto, South Africa, showed that scaling-up of the public-funded antiretroviral treatment program resulted in 70.6% reduction of culture-confirmed TB in HIV infected children in 4-year period from 2005 to 2009.
The expert opinions elicited in the WHO report may have reflected a higher standard of quality of care than currently found in the real-life, public-sector HIV treatment program in rural KwaZulu-Natal, where this study took place.
The country has a public sector-led antiretroviral treatment program both in the private and public health sectors.
This calls for appropriate policy and market responses, including expansion of Public-Private Mix (PPM) programs, greater reach, flexibility and appeal of public programs, regulatory and quality enforcement, and expansion of public MDR-TB treatment programs.
In Lusaka, Zambia, a large-scale public sector HIV care and treatment program has been run by the Zambian Ministry of Health (MOH) since April 2004.
