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Eighty-three female participants (aged 9 16 years) were divided into three groups according to a self-report measure of puberty stage (early-, mid- and post-puberty).
Estrogen receptor is generally believed to have an essential role in development of the mammary gland at puberty stage [1].
(Table 2) * Puberty stage.
However, this study did not assess puberty stage.
Both the odds ratio of the individual puberty stages and the trend across the puberty stages were assessed.
We studied the dose response between the various puberty stages and the prevalence of back pain.
Puberty stage was assessed by a trained researcher according to Tanner and Whitehouse (18).
The results indicate that back problems and back pain might be related to puberty stage.
Puberty stage of patients was defined according to Tanner criteria [ 22].
The second method, a modified Tanner scale, divides puberty into 5 stages based on the breast development (stage 1 = not started puberty, stage 2 = just starting, stages 3 and 4 = in pubertal development, stage 5 = puberty ended).
The distribution of puberty stages between the STRIP study groups was analyzed with χ test stratified by age and sex.
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