The viral plaque assays also demonstrated that CTC-96 at 50 ug/ml in both of the dosing frequencies evaluated (9x/day and 6x/day), eliminated virus by Day 20 pi (Day 13 pti; Figure 5), whereas 25 ug/ml, 6x/day was significantly less effective [t test: p ≥ 0.01 (50 ug/ml, 9x/d > 50 ug/ml, 6x/d: p ≥ 0.01; 25 ug/ml: p = 0.02)].
The authors' previously reported results were consistent with the recommendations by PTI (2006), proving that the bearing plate size and shape were adequate even without anchorage zone reinforcement.
Previously, Hayes Industries Ltd. (2014) performed hydrostatic tests of encapsulated anchor systems under 11.0 kPa for 24 h using a PVC hydrostatic test chamber in accordance with Section 2.2.6 of PTI M10.2-00 (PTI 2000), which is similar to Sections 9.3(a) and 9.6 of ACI 423.7-14.
Similar to the wedge plate test specified by Sections 4.1.1 and 4.1.2 of PTI M50.1-98 (PTI 1998), push-in tests were performed to evaluate the strength of an anchor when a two-piece wedge was pushed in, with and without an offset or gap (Δg) between the two wedge pieces, as shown in Fig. 5.
Pathogen-induced deposition of callose at the cell wall is used as a marker of PTI [57].
This recognition, previously known as basal defence, is now referred to as PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) [2].
In plants, accumulation of ROS at the site of infection is considered one of the earliest responses during plant PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) [83], [82].
Several bacterial effector proteins delivered to host cells by the type III secretion system (TTSS) have been shown to suppress PTI [8], [9].
RXLR29 was cloned in the EDV system and expressed in the Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) DC3000ΔCEL mutant strain which lacks the conserved effector locus (CEL) and is therefore unable to efficiently suppress PTI [55], [56].
All kinetic measurements were carried out using a PTI QMA40 fluorescent spectrophotometer.
For comparison, T-DNA mutants of related members of this family of RLCKs shown to be involved in PTI (BIK1, PBS1, PBL2) [ 34], were also obtained.
