Sentence examples for proxy of population from inspiring English sources

Given sustained market demand, harvest trends should provide a reasonable proxy of population trends since sport hunters use intensive methods such as baits and hounds to locate these animals, and quotas on annual offtakes are either too high to limit harvests or (for black bears) reflect the management agency's perception of population trend [10].

Life-history traits, like body mass, have therefore been used as proxy of population size [ 18, 60].

As in most previous time-series studies, we used the simply averaged monitoring results across various stations as the proxy of population exposure level to air pollution.

Additionally, we found that SSB may not be as good a proxy of population abundance as traditionally considered in the fisheries context (Hutchings et al. 2010).

Using services as a proxy of population health need has its shortfalls as longitudinal analysis suggests that different population cohorts not only develop different health problems and have different unmet needs, but they also demand different services.

To test the relationship between population size and mtDNA diversity, we first correlated nucleotide polymorphism and body mass, taken as a proxy of population size, as in Nabholz et al. [ 18] and Berlin et al. [ 24]. π s and body mass were negatively correlated but, contrary to Berlin et al. [ 24], this relationship was not significant (R2 = 0.019, p = 0.30, n = 56).

Past screening attendance in all women contacted at home was 33.9% (95% CI: 30.5-37.3) and we considered it a proxy of population-based coverage (Table  2).> -wrap-foot> aAdjusted for age.

Number of male territories and patch size are alternative proxies of population size for our secretive study species, but they differ considerably in their estimation costs.

To explain the lack of relationship between mtDNA diversity and proxies of population size in mammals, Nabholz et al. [ 18] invoked demographic stochasticity, while Bazin et al. [ 20] invoked recurrent hitchhiking effects for other species having larger expected population sizes (invertebrates and marine species).

Our model uses early incidence as a proxy measure of population susceptibility and/or carriage prevalence.

The population movements between the last two national population censuses were used as proxy measures of population mixing.