Sentence examples for proxy markers for from inspiring English sources

It is, therefore, important to identify affordable proxy markers for response to therapy in RLS.

These last two factors can be proxy markers for severity of illness.

This would suggest the possibility that α-tryptase copy number variation alleles are acting as proxy markers for variation at or near the β-tryptase locus, through linkage disequilibrium.

Other factors such as family size and education level of participants' families were assessed, as possible proxy markers for crowding or socio-economic status, both identified in the past as possible risk factors for M. tuberculosis infection.

However, it is important to bear in mind that the predictors identified do not necessarily represent causal relationships, but may be proxy markers for other risk factors, for instance social vulnerability or socio-economic status.

No consistent correlations were found between XAR/XARcomp and the two POP proxy markers for the individual study groups or across study groups, suggesting that neither CB-153 nor p,p′-DDE alone can predict the xenoandrogenic activity of the serum samples included in the present study.

The serotonin precursor 5-hydroxy-l-[β-11C]tryptophan ([11C]HTP) is in clinical use for localization of neuroendocrine tumors and has been suggested as a proxy marker for pancreatic islet cells.

The induction of metallothionein genes has been used previously as a proxy marker for copper excess, and Ctr1B induction as a marker for copper deficiency [15].

The high inter-correlations suggest that the PGC can also act as a proxy marker for mood and hence depression, as has been done in some studies [7].

Likewise, while it is known that both TNF-α and IFN-γ are essential for controlling mycobacterial infections [8] [11], the use of either factor alone as a proxy marker for disease or immunity has been unsatisfactory [12], [13].

The validation of IGRAs to detect LTBI suffers from the lack of gold standard, so active TB disease has often been used as a proxy marker for LTBI [4].