Exact(8)
Researchers have measured the thinness of eagle eggshells, DuBay said, as a proxy for exposure to poisons such as DDT.
Results indicate that using type of stove alone as a proxy for exposure may lead to exposure misclassification and potentially biased exposure and health effects relationships.
As epidemiology and personal exposure assessment research aims to study health impacts and pollutant levels encountered by pedestrians, bicyclists, those waiting for transit, and other road users, these results show when traffic volumes alone can be a reliable proxy for exposure and when this approach is not warranted.
Due to the habit of working outdoors in bare feet, a binary classification of indoor/outdoor work was used as a proxy for exposure risk to soil transmitted helminth infection.
This suggests that occupation should be a reasonable proxy for exposure intensity in this study.
Crop density was used as a proxy for exposure to agricultural pesticides in our study.
p,p′-DDE may not be an adequate proxy for exposure to DDT.
First, the last recorded occupation of each individual served as a proxy for exposure.
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