Sentence examples for proxy average from inspiring English sources

The proxy average estimates cost attached to ecosystem services to rehabilitate degraded land reflect avoidance cost, for instance, the cost farmers will avoid if they practised PES practices on their farms or the amount in economic terms farmers could spend to "replace" or restore degraded ecosystems in absence of PES practices.

Here, we select Medium Utilisation RIs as a simple proxy for average prices, however, the conclusions drawn are largely unaffected by this choice.

Given the similarity between the measured and "pure" whole marine growth zone values, the measured whole marine growth zone can be used as a proxy for average marine feeding, while the commonly used 2nd summer growth zone was found not to be representative of earlier marine feeding.

Common observational assays take the form of counting the number of body bends per unit time, which serves as a proxy for average speed, and counting the number of animals paralyzed by drugs such as aldicarb and levamisole.

This is a proxy of average indel length.

Finally, we used GNI per capita as a proxy for average income in the different countries.

The reference regions were chosen as a proxy for average current stroke care in the Netherlands, based on previous research [ 18].

A weakness of our study is the use of NO2 levels at residence as a proxy of average air pollution levels encountered during physical activity.

We used the mean of annual concentrations of NO2 at residential addresses of each cohort participant since 1971 until the end of follow-up as a proxy of average exposure to traffic-related air pollution during exercise.

Thus, single endotoxin measurements are a reasonable proxy for average exposure during the first few months to 1 year of life and capable of distinguishing among children in metropolitan Boston with regard to endotoxin exposure in early life.

Different approaches to measuring affordability have been proposed, including benchmarking medicine prices against per capita gross national income (GNI), setting prices against "catastrophic" household health expenditure levels [ 12], or converting prices to working days based on government salaries as a proxy for average income [ 13].