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If helping nearby non-kin is simply less costly to inclusive fitness than allowing kin to starve, then selection can favor indiscriminate or imprecise kin altruism based on proximity, association, or familiarity.
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So, for example, if one wants to use crowdsourced queries to find regions where there are car parks available, regions where there is currently high 3G/4G bandwidth, regions which are crowded, and regions with noise pollution above some threshold, then neighbourhood or proximity associations can be exploited.
To inform subgroup analyses and interpret proximity measures, we compared proximity associations to box plots of UFP concentrations from mobile monitoring in Somerville and Dorchester.
Despite their close physical proximity, the association of the rs4959039 SNP remained highly significant (p = 6.10×10−6, odds ratio = 1.43) after adjusting for the effect of the rs2523393 SNP whereas the association of the rs2523393 SNP (that tags the MS protective allele HLA-B*44:02) was attenuated (p = .015, odds ratio = .85).85
Its stone tool assemblage shares the same open-air alluvial situation, chronological proximity, Epivillafranchian faunal association and Mode 1 technology as that of Vallparadís, which allows us to hypothesise that human groups with the same technology and acting as predators spread throughout the continent from the Jaramillo subchron onwards.
Together, these results demonstrate co-localization, proximity and direct association between Nuc and COX-2 in human neutrophils.
In A. thaliana, a plant species with small genome and without Rabl chromatin disposition, rDNA chromatin organization studies show also a preferential proximity and even association between nucleolar chromosomes [14].
Understanding the temporal proximity of the association between a recent divorce and mental health issues may help enable faster detection and management of these conditions.
When caspase-2 was fused to each half of split Venus, the recruitment of caspase-2 to its activation platform and the subsequent induced proximity resulted in association of the two Venus halves.
We demonstrate that the timing and the magnitude of annual dengue epidemics in southern Vietnam are significantly more similar in districts in closer proximity, and this association remains significant out to 50 100 km.
25 Another area to consider in the context of tobacco outlet density and proximity is their association with neighbourhood characteristics, such as poverty, that may also pose a community risk factor for smoking.
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