KdgK and KdgA metabolize the 2-keto-3-deoxy d-gluconate product of the ManD reaction to pyruvate and d-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, indicating a catabolic role for the proximal member of the ManD subgroup.
Additionally, the 16S tree placed many species that are not currently classed in the NCBI taxonomy as Lachnospiraceae (e.g., Eubacterium rectale) proximal to recognized members of this family, suggesting the need for taxonomic revision of the group.
For the seven LMW-GS genes at Glu-D3, D3-1 was proximal to other six members.
Lethe is regulated by RelA, independent of pseudogene family members and proximal genes.
The proximal two genes are members of the R1 family, ORF 44 being the functional R1 resistance gene (accession AF447489) and the following ORF 45 is a tandem duplicate.
We then searched for HNF4α binding sites in proximal promoter regions of further members of the renin-angiotensin system.
Interestingly, members of the proximal and distal complexes behave differently within such clones.
Earlier studies showed the redundant occupancy of the ETS-family members at promoter proximal regions (Hollenhorst et al, 2007, 2009).
Various in vitro interactions between members of the proximal and distal complexes have been identified, leading to the suggestion that asymmetry is promoted via competitive inhibition of access to binding partners [5, 23].
These results indicate that the ileal specific phenotype is not attributable to different expression patterns among Id-family members along the proximal-distal axis of the small intestine.
