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One explanation might be that the provision of ideas for improvement, i.e., voice behaviors, does not demand self-initiation from employees to the same extent as other proactive behaviors because employees are directly asked for their opinion.
Yet, whereas organizational pride in employees' efforts additionally had a direct positive effect on individual and team member proactivity, organizational pride in employees' abilities showed a direct negative effect on proactive behaviors for the self, the team, and the organization including a behavioral measurement of employees' provision of ideas for improvement.
Because affective organizational commitment was not positively related to ideas for improvement, the indirect effect of organizational pride in employees' efforts on the provision of ideas for improvement via affective organizational commitment was neither significant [a × b =.02, 95% CI (−.02 .06)].
Although the results were mostly in line with our hypotheses, organizational pride in employees' efforts did not significantly influence the behavioral measure of proactivity, i.e., employees' provision of ideas for improvement, whereas its positive effect on scale measures about individual and team level proactivity was supported.
Although this operationalization is in line with current conceptualizations of voice, which likewise include passive forms of employees' voice (Van Dyne et al. 2003), the fact, that the provision of ideas for improvement was eased in terms of directly asking for anonymous input might have facilitated voice (Klaas et al. 2012).
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The recovery provision of the IDEA, however, "does not even hint that acceptance of IDEA funds makes a State responsible for reimbursing prevailing parents for services rendered by experts".
In an opinion written by Justice Samuel A. Alito, the Supreme Court reversed the Second Circuit's decision, holding that the recovery provision of the IDEA applied only to attorneys' fees.
The parents then asked the district court to award them the fees they had paid to an educational consultant who assisted them in their suit, in keeping with a provision of the IDEA that permitted a court to award "reasonable attorneys' fees as part of the costs" to a prevailing party.
Ensuring the quality of the UK's higher education provision, of questioning and challenging preconceived ideas, of introducing students to concepts that will change their mind and life, is at the heart of what we university lecturers do.
Ikea is one of the great examples of what happens to a humane idea – the provision of decent, modern environments for living in – when it is calibrated purely towards profit and power.
"Obviously you and not I are the policy maker, but I did have the idea that provision of a secondary school librarian could be a statutory requirement," she added.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com