The development of a valid and reliable instrument to measure prenatal care quality is a critical scientific foundation for research to monitor the provision and benefits of prenatal health care services.
The act, designed to narrow the union's bargaining room, prohibits the temporary extension of the old teacher contract provisions and benefits.
As far as background variables of the participants were concerned, though the majority of the respondents, 73.2% were working on permanent tenure, whereas 22.9% were working on contracts, contracts might last from 6 months to 2 years, usually the long term contracts (2 years) have equivalent provisions and benefits to regular employees but still their contract is subject to renewal.
Note also that 'margin' here does not mean 'marginal' or 'small'; changes at the margin can indeed be very large, but need to be thought of as a step up (or down) in service provision and the benefit gain (or loss) associated with that step.
Our results show that forest management influenced ES provision and associated benefits at the regional scale.
"Under current policies, state pension provision and other benefits paid to those who retire before state pension age represent a ticking time bomb for the public purse," the IEA said in the report.
The process leading to the MPA designation deserves scrutiny in light of the Convention on Biological Diversity's provisions on Access and Benefit Sharing, the Convention on the Law of the Sea, and the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.
In many developing countries, workers' compensation is little more than a paper program where the government works in concert with industry to minimize the provision and costs of benefits [ 26, 27].
GM indicated it is negotiating with the United Auto Workers to further reduce labor costs by cutting job security provisions and other benefits so that its labor costs will be fully competitive with Toyota by 2012.
The buffer strips and residues left in WS 4 resulted in less biomass being removed from the stand (which in turn lead to lower provisioning and GHGR benefits), but they may also have led to increased provision of other regulating and supporting services which were not quantified and therefore not included in the composite index.
