Interestingly, the number of pairs in the "defense response" group does not change and the number of pairs in "protein translation" group changes a little from 53 to 45.
A consequence of dysfunctional mTOR signaling is deficits in spine protein translation and changes in spine morphology, density and dynamics [ 3, 36].
The "others" – cluster consisted of contrasts studying various effects like the effect of lincomycin which is an inhibitor of plastid protein translation, regulation changes of an embryogenesis transcription factor mutant or of stress tolerant mutants.
Thus, even though PSMD2 knockdown did not reduce protein degradation capacity, it did trigger a reduction in protein translation, a change that may contribute to lowering basal levels of proteotoxic stress.
For transcripts that show an induction only in protein translation without a change in mRNA levels, it was suggested that Myc enhances mRNA capping without binding to the promoters thus functioning in these cases as transcription-independent factor [ 37].
Among them, protein translation control provides faster changes in protein levels when compared, for example, to transcriptional responses [ 1].
For the remainder of the targets (80%%), protein translation is suppressed without changes in mRNA levels [ 21, 22].
Low temperature has several effects on biochemical and physiological properties in yeast cells: poorly efficient protein translation; low fluidity membrane; changes in lipid composition; slow protein folding; stabilization of mRNA secondary structures; reduced enzymatic activities [ 5– 8].
Computational analysis allowed for the direct comparison of the idealized shRNA specificity to the more likely behavior if changes in mRNA levels reflect changes in protein translation.
Furthermore, the results highlight several interesting changes that occur in the mechanisms that regulate protein translation initiation in the myocardium, changes that would generally be suggestive of an enhancement of translation initiation.
