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Wierenga (1989) has proposed an account of the objects of present-time and first-person belief according to which these propositions involve haecceities or individual essences of persons and times.
hThe contrast between proposition and proposal derives from Halliday's (1984) work on the interpersonal system of speech function: propositions involve the exchange of information — statements (giving information) and questions (demanding information) whereas proposals involve the exchange of goods-&-services — offers (giving goods-&-services) and commands (demanding goods-&-services).
Similar(58)
Reasons are propositional attitudes, and normally reason explanations specify the propositions involved as well as the attitudes.
None of the other statewide propositions involved as critical a political policy issue as the one on term limits.
Finally, the Stoic theory gives a certain kind of priority to propositions involving demonstratives.
But they prove especially difficult to develop, especially when special propositions are taken into account, e.g. propositions involving modal concepts.
An entailment is complete (perfecta) when it holds in virtue of the logical form (complexio) of the propositions involved.
C1 and C2 can also be contrasted with regard to their sensitivity to the specificity of the propositions involved.
First, Russell held an acquaintance-based theory, according to which some thought about individuals is direct, in the sense of involving singular propositions involving those very individuals.
This is in accordance with C1 but not with C2, which as we saw is sensitive to the specificity (prior probability) of the propositions involved.
Indeed, it might be held that our de re grasp of various properties is what grounds or justifies our assent to propositions involving them.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com