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As she noted, cases described as enjoying a proposition or fact seem to involve our thinking about it or being in some state or the like (1981c/1967).
Each triple encapsulates the assertion of a single proposition or fact, where: the "subject" denotes the source; the "object" denotes the target; and, the "predicate" denotes a verb that relates the source to the target.
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Nothing is more natural for modern philosophers than to contrast knowledge of objects (knowledge by acquaintance or objectual knowledge; French connaître) with knowledge of how to do things (technique knowledge), and with knowledge of propositions or facts (propositional knowledge; French savoir).
Power necessity, as applied to true propositions (or facts), concerns what is not within a person's power.
Here we can agree, for example, that you can vote because you're a citizen and that this is a grounding claim, but in so doing we aren't committed to the existence of propositions or facts (e.g., the proposition/fact that you can vote and the proposition/fact that you're a citizen) or relations (the grounding relation that holds between these propositions/facts).
But in doing this it loses the appeal of the direct realist account Price seems to work with of certain propositions or facts being immediately present to the mind.
(Nemirow 1990, 2007, Lewis 1990, Levin 1986) "Ability" theorists suggest that knowing what it's like to see red or feel pain is merely a sort of practical knowledge, a "knowing how" (to imagine, remember, or re-identify, a certain type of experience) rather than a knowledge of propositions or facts.
As we have seen, it is the desire to preserve the intuition that a sufficiently scrupulous thinker in the bad case can be reasonable in his beliefs (indeed, no less reasonable than a similarly scrupulous thinker in the good case) which seems to rule out any conception of evidence according to which one's evidence might consist of (say) true propositions or facts about the external world.
First, as we have seen, the nonpropositional view says that for Hume a moral evaluation does not express any proposition or state any fact; either it gives vent to a feeling, or it is itself a feeling (Flew, Blackburn, Snare, Bricke).
In contemporary parlance, typically, "logical independence" is used solely to speak of a relation between sentences, propositions, or perhaps facts or states of affairs.
Even if Bolzano makes extensive usage of indexicals in the expression of ideas and propositions, there is no place for indexicals within his World 3: There are neither indexical ideas nor indexical propositions; what sometimes seems to be an indexical idea or proposition is in fact merely an indexical expression of an idea or proposition.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com