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It can be seen that the BERs of the two ELs are well differentiated according to the proportional constraints.
{α1,…2,…,α K } is the set of predetermined proportional constraints that are used to ensure fairness.
It is worth mentioning that the BER ratio of the two ELs may not be strictly equivalent to the predefined proportional constraints due to the use of the BER upper bounds; however, large computational burden is reduced which is more meaningful to realistic cellular network scenario.
Other proportional constraints are directly related to the nutrient requirements of the crops, e.g. the area of cereal crops following cereals where the straw has been removed has to be less than or equal to the area of cereal crops where the straw removal operation has occurred.
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Alternatively, the land can have a mix of rotations: e.g. 50% each of cereal-break and three cereals followed by a break – this also satisfies the proportional constraint.
The criteria to form user groups includes semi-orthogonality as in [12], but also fairness through proportional rate constraints.
{ γ i } i = 1 K is the set of the predefined values which are used for the proportional reliability constraints.
In [23], a low-complexity algorithm is developed to maximize the sum capacity of a CR system with proportional rate constraints.
To evaluate more intuitively how good the proposed power distribution scheme satisfies the proportional reliability constraints, a new metric is defined as follows.
The optimal power distribution uses the exact BER expressions given by [33] instead of the derived BER upper bounds for the proportional reliability constraints.
Figure 7 BERs of the ELs by using the proposed power distribution, equal power distribution and the conventional power distribution without the proportional reliability constraints.
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