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Preterm birth (PTB) (<37 weeks of gestation) is a major obstetrical problem, contributing to a substantial proportion of infant morbidity and mortality worldwide.
PTB is responsible for a large proportion of infant morbidity and mortality [ 6].
Although practically all births in Uzbekistan were being attended by medical professionals, a significant proportion of infant deaths were occurring during the neonatal period.
We focused on comparisons of neonatal mortality, as neonatal deaths constitute a substantial proportion of infant and child deaths and detailed information on neonatal deaths is widely available.
In the infants, dense pneumococcal colonization was observed in a significantly higher proportion of infant culture-positive swabs than mother swabs (47% vs 25%, p < 0.0001) (unpublished data).
Over recent decades, infant mortality rates have fallen, but stagnating neonatal mortality rates mean that deaths in the newborn period are becoming responsible for an ever-increasing proportion of infant and child mortality [ 3].
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Meanwhile the proportion of infants born weighing more than 4,500g - known as macrosomia - decreased by a third.
At the same time, the researchers acknowledge that they were unable to identify a source of infection in a significant proportion of infants, which may suggest that casual contacts outside the family area are also a source of infection.
Although the proportion of infants claiming free school meals fell marginally more rapidly, the government statisticians said it did not appear affected by the introduction of universal free school meals for the age group.
In that period, the proportion of infants born before 39 weeks of gestation increased to nearly one in three births from more than one in five.
The proportion of infants with gross motor deficits significantly increased, as test demands became more challenging.
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