The high propensity for convergent evolution and the resulting homoplasies are a significant drawback for defining deep phylogenetic relationships.
Given the IFV' propensity for rapid evolution, the constant threat of an emerging highly virulent drug-resistant strain is concerning and supports the need to monitor evolution of the 2009 A(H1N1) IFV strains and simultaneously develop specific vaccines and novel antivirals.
However, whereas HA rapidly evolves to escape from antibodies, NP does not appear to have any special propensity for rapid evolution of the epitopes targeted by CTLs.
Next, we investigated whether particular protein-domain types have retained a higher propensity for AS during evolution by having particular sequence or structural features.
Consistent with the hypotheses that 1) divergence between closely related species occurs through changes in gene regulation and 2) duplicated regions are enriched for genetic and functional divergence, we find a strong propensity for rapid sequence evolution in noncoding elements near duplicated genes.
The absence of DIRS1-like elements in several groups may reflect their differential success in adapting to different host species and/or a propensity for stochastic loss during evolution.
First, despite the known propensity for mastreviruses to recombine during evolution [ 40], exemplified by the evidence of recombination in the evolution of two WDV isolates from China, the similarity of Rep-RepA and MP-CP Mastrevirus trees to one another suggests that recombination had been eliminated as a major factor shaping trees by concentrating on the coding regions.
He accuses the majority of his sex of being selfish, self-absorbed, uncommunicative and unwilling to make marital adjustments and at one point goes so far as to wonder whether evolution has "implanted a propensity for rape that lingers in modern man?" His conclusion: "It is not an exaggeration to suggest that today's women actually want more from life than men do.
Her full-length debut is an attempt to marry Darwin's theory of evolution to the male propensity for war, suggesting that the violence in our society, from rape to genital mutilation, is a consequence of our preprogrammed need to ensure the survival of the fittest.
Generally, the evolutionary variables, namely, the sequence evolution rate and the propensity for gene loss, are positively correlated with each other and negatively correlated with "phenomic" variables such as expression level, number of interactions and others [ 4, 23].
