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The crack propagation rate of rail surface would become smaller when the crack propagated to a certain level [4].
However, it does not give directly the crack propagation rate.
These parameters are used to determine the crack propagation rate.
However, the crack propagation rate was higher at low temperatures.
Moreover, to elucidate the cracking mechanisms, a concept of "fatigue shear-band propagation rate", an analogy with the fatigue crack propagation rate, is proposed and characterized.
Once in the weld nugget, the crack propagation rate increases.
The residual compressive stress drastically retards the crack propagation rate, especially in the short crack stage.
Crack shape, propagation rate, and the stress intensity factors, are analyzed based on measurements.
The multitude of black seeds produced winter to fall have a propagation rate and a moderate wind dispersal distance of up to 20 meters.
Experimentally, it is well established that a negative load ratio increases the crack propagation rate, whereas a tensile overload tends to decrease the crack propagation rate.
The crack has a larger propagation rate at pressure vessel shell than that at the in-let nozzle.
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