Therefore, in this study, we modified the tsunami travel times by 1 min corresponding to a distance of 120 km from the epicenter to the contact point of the back-propagation line and the tentatively-determined tsunami source area (Table 1).
The tolerance of the model to location variability of the interference within the line-of-sight environment is a good incentive to use it for similar environments like home and conference halls where the dominant propagation channel is line-of-sight.
A tentative tsunami source area was then estimated as an area surrounded by the back-propagation lines.
The final tsunami source area was then determined with back-propagation lines using the modified tsunami travel times.
Sections 4 addresses the detailed steps of the off-line affinity propagation, on-line cluster matching-based coarse positioning, and probability distribution-aided fine positioning, respectively.
The IEEE 802.15.3a task group also defined four different configurations (CM1, CM2, CM3, and CM4) identified by the propagation scenarios line of sight (LOS) and non-line of sight (NLOS), and the distance between the transmitting and receiving antennas.
The 3GPP 3D channel model specifies three propagation conditions, line-of-sight (LOS), non line-of-sight (NLOS) and outdoor-to-indoor (O-to-I).
Sketch of possible pathways of a GW from a single convective plume including direct propagation (solid line), creation of body forces (grey ellipses), and subsequent generation of secondary GW with possible reflection (dotted and dashed-dotted lines).
A model of the ground effects on the propagation from line sources, regarded as an incoherent superposition of point sources, is presented and discussed for spherical and directional sources.
A generalized theory is presented for sound propagation in lined ducts of arbitrary cross-section where acoustic wave propagation in the lining is also taken into account.
