Depending on the modulus mismatch and the thickness of the organic layer, the crack can either propagate straight, can branch inside organic layer or can get deflected along the interface, leading to delamination.
We consider that the light rays propagate straight through the sample and accumulate a phase shift and attenuation corresponding to properties of the regions they went through.
Light is propagated by straight lines (rays), which are not light itself but its motion.
If the entire atmosphere were electrically neutral like that at the Earth's surface, the radio waves would propagate directly into space, continuing in a straight line forever.
The results show that when the zone containing the crack is softer than at least one of the other two surrounding materials or both, the creep crack propagates straight along the initial crack plane.
As the sample is transparent to a large extent, and immersed in the same liquid used to make it transparent, the illumination beam propagates straight even inside the biological sample and is not interfered by the surface of the sample.
In simulations, captive drops were forced to propagate down straight tubes to observe dynamic contact angles.
Upon contact with tissue, photons in the visible and infrared wavelengths are highly scattered, resulting in photon diffusion; that is, photons do not propagate along straight lines but follow diffusive patterns.
In contrast to Optical Projection Tomography (OPT), where photons propagate along straight or curved lines, light transport in fDOT is modeled by the diffusion or telegraph equations describing the radiant energy density [ 22 24].
If the emitting regions are in a plane of infinite extent, the light will propagate along a straight line normal to the plane of the wavefronts.
