This chapter covers the methodology we are using for gene discovery in glucosinolate engineering, namely, guilt-by-association-based in silico methods and fast proof-of-function screens by transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana.
But this is only under these particular definitions of function and following the biochemical criterion for functionality, which is not on its own proof of function, much less that it is an "important" one.
In short, although biochemical signatures are valuable for identifying candidate regulatory elements in the biological context of the cell type examined, they cannot be interpreted as definitive proof of function on their own.
Proof of function or not in these genes, will enhance the understanding of genetic exchange pathways in this species.
Owing to its strong expression in carcinoma cells, most of these functions have been described primarily in malignant cells, and formal proof of function and role in normal cells is often lacking.
Significant enrichment is not, per se, proof of function and could be for a trivial reason, such as strong amino acid bias or 4-fold increased mean protein length in transcriptional proteins.
The "three hundred quadrillion hashes" mentioned up above refer to attempts to satisfy the Hashcash proof-of-work function that Adam Back invented way back in 1997, used today to verify Bitcoin transactions.
Bitcoin uses the hashcash proof-of-work function.
However, as association mapping provides only statistical, i.e., indirect evidence for the function of the identified gene [ 58], a direct proof of the function of the identified alleles is still necessary.
For years, inspectors with the San Diego regional airport authority run down their checklist for each cabbie proof of insurance, functioning windshield wipers, adequate tire treads, good brakes.
