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The evaluation of erectile function and libido based on patient-reported data is prone to reporting bias.
Although the evaluation of erectile function based on patient-reported data is prone to reporting bias, we could detect only a small effect of postoperative radiotherapy on erectile function.
Second, much of the analysis on shocks and coping strategies rely on self-reported data which might be prone to reporting bias.
Our findings must be interpreted with some caution as the study relies on self-reported behaviour which can be prone to reporting biases, although our findings on barriers and facilitators resonate well with findings from other studies.
Second, besides the more usual registry linkages to obtain causes of death and cancer incidence, the additional medical data from general practitioners (diagnoses, prescriptions and referrals) enable us to study other recorded health outcomes, for which other cohort studies mostly rely on self-reported questionnaire data that are prone to reporting and recall bias and selective loss to follow-up.
Furthermore, self-reported levels of physical activity are prone to reporting bias or cognitive bias [ 47], resulting in measurement error that could have influenced the presented findings.
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They demonstrated that, compared with participants with Alzheimer's disease, participants with dementia with Lewy bodies had significantly reduced ability to discriminate visual "signal" from "noise," and were more prone to report the presence of a visual object when one was not present.
As was also pointed out by Calle et al. [40], MDR-like analysis that does not account for important marginal effects is prone to report false higher-order interactions, containing the significant lower-order effects not accounted for.
Based on our study, veterinarians who are GTV members are more prone to report and/or to encourage farmers to report abortions than others.
However, meta-analysis is limited by inclusion of poor quality trials that are prone to report biased findings and exclusion of unpublished trials that do not report findings.
One can hypothesize that the patients who agreed to participate experienced more severe symptoms, making them more prone to report them.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com