The rise and fall in CellCyte shares were a classic "pump and dump," in which some of those with big positions in the stock gin up the price with vigorous promotion of questionable validity and then sell out before the fall.
Conclusions: Strengths of the study were: ITS design, according to standardized quality criteria (i.e., at least three data points before and three data points after intervention; clearly defined intervention point); pragmatic approach, with good external validity; promotion of effective good practices.
Nonetheless, the authors offered some frameworks for the analysis of external validity of health promotion studies.
Of the 43 articles, 6 theoretical and methodological articles [ 27, 28, 37, 43, 54, 55] and one intervention-based article [ 33] discussed two tools for assessing the external validity of health promotion studies: RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness [or Efficacy, according to the study], Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance) and the Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model (PRISM).
Furthermore, assessment of the validity of promotional claims is difficult, this review lend support to calls for increased education about drug promotion [66].
Additional studies with large sample sizes are needed to investigate discriminant-convergent validity of scales measuring the promotion of a culture of information construct as well as the 'use of information' constructs.
As well as having good content, criterion and construct validity, the generated data can help health promotion specialists develop appropriate and targeted interventions for the respondent population.
However, the results of this study have indicated that FMEA's validity is questionable and thus the absolute promotion of its use in healthcare may be inappropriate.
We also searched for articles with the keywords [ transferability" OR "generalizability" OR "generalization" OR "translation" OR "diffusion" OR "dissemination" OR "external validity" OR "adaptation"] AND ["health promotion" OR "public health" OR "health education"] AND [intervention OR program].
The survey instrument was tested for content validity using an expert panel drawn from health promotion, research and tobacco control (n = 8).
The framework is recommended for the evaluation of health promotion interventions for more systematic balancing of internal and external validity [e.g. [ 31, 32], which is needed for translating the study results into practice.
