Changes to pension law further promote speculation by individuals.
The smooth workings of New York's stockmarket served only to promote "speculation" over "enterprise", he wrote.
For that matter, as Mr. Keen points out, the idea of objectivity is becoming increasingly passé in the relativistic realm of the Web, where bloggers cherry-pick information and promote speculation and spin as fact.
But other academics and environmentalists argue that Chile's system is unsustainable because it promotes speculation, endangers the environment and allows smaller interests to be muscled out by powerful forces, like Chile's mining industry.
The splintered decision in Bakke struck down the admissions system at the medical school of the University of California at Davis, which had specifically reserved seats for minorities, but Justice Powell said that attention to diversity could justify some race preferences that promote "speculation, experiment and creation".
Their orchestrated walk-out at the firm's New York office happened only days after the departure of their boss, Mike Burns, who was in charge of Saatchi's work for General Mills, a big American consumer-goods firm.As the so-called "Saatchi 17" had also worked on the General Mills account said to be worth some $500m it promoted speculation that they might try to lure away the business.
"The investment aspect is not an enlightened approach to these cars," Renwick insists, "and we don't promote speculation.
Together with the satellite evidence, these developments have promoted speculation that permanent atmospheric changes near the high-latitude mesopause region have occurred.
Such findings promoted speculation that these disorders may actually be manifestations of the same underlying biologic mechanism.
Recognition of these effects has promoted speculation that helminth infection contributes to the observed reduced efficacy of BCG, and increased susceptibility to tuberculosis, in tropical countries [ 3].
Although evidence based on those biological properties may promote speculation that levels of ET-1 correlate with levels of NO in the circulation, NO metabolite levels were within normal range in patients with both SSc and PAH patients whose serum contained much ET-1.
