Population subgroups were defined by gestational age, presence or absence of intrapartum fever or prolonged rupture of membranes, and presence or absence of maternal group B streptococcus (GBS) colonization.
In the case of PPROM (preterm prolonged rupture of membranes) administration of antibiotics to women has been shown to delay delivery and reduce neonatal morbidity [4], [5] although antibiotics do not eradicate intra-amniotic infection [6].
Gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, eclampsia, placental abruption, placenta praevia, prolonged rupture of membrane, IUGR.
The most common indication for IAP was prolonged rupture of the membranes with intravenous ampicillin most commonly prescribed.
Risk factors for sepsis included outborn delivery, perinatal asphyxia, preterm delivery, prolonged rupture of membranes, maternal peripartum pyrexia and foul smelling amniotic fluid.
A significant proportion of women whose babies subsequently had clinical sepsis had prolonged rupture of membranes and 97% of these women had received antibiotics in labour.
If prolonged rupture of membranes occurs and the neonate is admitted to the neonatal nursery, antimicrobial agents are given empirically to the infant.
In studies where mothers had prolonged rupture of membranes, 18.6% (95% CI 0.4-36.7) of the newborns had clinical signs of infection.
In five hospitals, 35% of 26 neonatal cases of early-onset GBS infection had at least one risk factor: prolonged rupture of membranes, preterm delivery, or intrapartum fever.
Although there is some evidence that prolonged rupture of membranes may increase vertical transmission risk [ 24], cesarean delivery is not currently recommended as a risk-reducing intervention [ 25].
In studies where mothers had prolonged rupture of membranes, 19.2% (95% CI 7.0-31.3) of the newborns had positive lab cultures for infection.
