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However, the low prevalence of scars relative to the number of active lesions, especially among adults, suggests that the disease has been endemic in the region for a short period of time and that transmission may be characterized by a prolonged epidemic similar to that found in Kabul (2, 4 ).
Given that MCV coverage has been quite low for many years, it is likely that older children and adults have been protected against measles via naturally-acquired immunity after prior exposure to measles.This prolonged epidemic has spread across the country over a period of almost 3 years.
Brazil experienced a prolonged epidemic of B 4 N. meningitidis infections during 1988–1999.
This study demonstrated that after a prolonged epidemic of serogroup B ST32 complex N. meningitidis in Brazil, isolates genetically indistinguishable, but expressing the serogroup C capsule, emerged and persisted as a cause of invasive disease during 2000 2009.
Similar(56)
And so for most smokers, e-cigarettes are "at best a distraction, and at worst something that is prolonging an epidemic," he says.
Figure 6a shows a further downside: by prolonging the epidemic, the control prolongs the period during which social distancing is practised, thus greatly reducing the number of contacts.
Although live deer and elk represent the most plausible mechanism for geographic spread of CWD, our data show that environmental sources could contribute to maintaining and prolonging local epidemics, even when all infected animals are eliminated.
Proguanil did not eliminate epidemics, however, and in 1952 the prolonged rainy season shifted the epidemic period from July to January, and malaria returned before the start of proguanil prophylaxis.
However, if neighboring communities do not also use these interventions, infected neighbors will continue to introduce influenza and prolong the local epidemic, albeit at a depressed level more easily accommodated by healthcare systems.
Second, the epidemic MSSA clone was prolonged in the community (in northern Denmark, a CA-MRSA strain was responsible for a community outbreak of recurring infections that involved 46 persons >6 years of age) (27 ).
Multiple epidemics per year and more prolonged virus circulation might also limit the pool of susceptible children.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com