The intraductal-growth type proliferates towards the lumen and often has papillary growth characteristics.
Commitment by proliferating progenitors towards a photoreceptor fate occurs in sequential steps and is initiated by expression of Otx2, followed by upregulation of Crx as the committed cells withdraw from the cell cycle to become photoreceptor precursors.
During the next stage, mesenchymal cells dedifferentiate and start proliferating as they migrate towards the apical epithelial cap.
It has previously been shown that CA4 and CA4P is toxic towards proliferating cells [ 21].
This approach combines the binding specificity of targeting ligands with the selective cytotoxicity of MAP towards proliferating cells.
We found that neurons and astrocytes are protected by sunitinib against glutamate-induced cell death, whereas sunitinib acts as a toxin towards proliferating endothelial cells and tumor vessels.
Our data highlight the properties of a new class of human immunotherapeutic reagents for the treatment of cancer, combining the selectivity of the binding component and the cytotoxicity of MAP that is specific towards proliferating cancer cells.
They are resistant towards classical chemotherapy that relies on their action towards actively proliferating cells and induces cytotoxicity via apoptosis.
There is a growing consensus that the remyelination process is initiated in the SVZ, where OPCs are induced to proliferate, migrate towards demyelinated areas and differentiate into mature myelinating OLs (Picard Riera et al., 2002; Nait-Oumesmar et al., 1999).
In order for OPCs to be successful in remyelinating axons, they must be able to proliferate, migrate towards the site of demyelination, make contact with an axon, and then mature into myelin forming oligodendrocytes [ 5].
