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The court held that the "presence of a prohibited substance in a competitor's bodily fluid" is the threshold issue, not whether Raducan intended to "ingest the prohibited substance".
The athletes did not knowingly take a prohibited substance, their lawyers have said.
Cilic tested positive for the metabolites of a prohibited substance in an in-competition test".
But what happens when an athlete ingests a prohibited substance and it was truly inadvertent?
It says, "It does not matter whether you unintentionally or unknowingly used a prohibited substance".
The panel held that the "presence of a prohibited substance in a competitor's bodily fluid" is the threshold issue, "irrespective of whether or not the competitor intended to ingest the prohibited substance".
Reanalysis of Francis's samples from the Games in China resulted in a positive test for the prohibited substance stanozolol.
HORSE RACING BELMONT PARK--Suspended John Toscano, trainer, for 15 days for the use of a prohibited substance.
"The tribunal does not believe that Tim Don had any intent to take any prohibited substance," read the statement.
"Nothing on the labels of those supplements indicated that they contained a trace amount" of a prohibited substance.
In a statement, Reedie added: "There is no doubt as to the status of meldonium as a prohibited substance.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com