These results demonstrate how the internal microstructures affect the progress of bone regeneration and mechanical properties with the duration of implantation, emphasizing the importance of biomaterial design tailored to various clinic applications.
To measure the progress of bone regeneration in the months after astronauts return to Earth, the Laboratory uses areal bone mineral density (BMD), a common technique in which two X-ray beams of different energy are fired into a bone.
This suggests a more rapid initiation and progress of the regeneration process in young fish.
These measurements were carried out at the end of the observation period to assess the progress of nerve regeneration.
With the progress of alveolar bone regeneration, osteoblasts expressing Runx2 and Osterix appeared in the bone-forming region.
To document the regeneration of barbel tissue, we surgically removed the maxillary barbel and observed the progress of the regenerates at various intervals.
While, at least in mouse models of muscular dystrophy, this reactive regeneration resembles muscle repair following injury, as the disease progresses the asynchronous waves of regeneration and the changes in niche caused by chronic regeneration eventually bias the repair toward pathogenic fibrosis and fat deposition.
In this chapter, we critically review recent progress towards regeneration of heart, kidney, liver, pancreas, spleen and central nervous system with the aim of identifying commonalities of methodology that may underlie the development of platform technologies broadly applicable towards the regeneration of multiple solid organ systems.
However, the paucity of genomic and transcriptomic information has precluded major progress in understanding key regulators of regeneration at the molecular level [ 3, 4].
Though many traditional model systems are beginning to make clear progress toward deciphering the complexity of regeneration, the humble amphioxus may yet find its niche in stem cell and regeneration research.
