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Current diagnostic tests for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection have low prognostic specificity for identifying individuals who will develop tuberculosis (TB) disease, making mass preventive therapy strategies targeting all MTB-infected individuals impractical in high-burden TB countries.
PTX3 is a member of the long pentraxin subfamily while the C-reactive protein (CRP) is the prototype of short pentraxin and has been widely used, with limited diagnostic and prognostic specificity in infectious diseases.
Attempts have been made to better subclassify CD patients using clinical, as well as serological and genetic markers, but diagnostic and prognostic specificity and sensitivity of these methods are generally too low to be useful in clinical practice [7], [20], [21].
We will also evaluate the combinatorial power of proteomics and metabolomics based tests (augmented by clinical data), to enhance the prognostic specificity and sensitivity.
It seems that, although the number of AgNORs per cell is not discriminatory enough on its own to determine malignancy, the addition of size or area measurements using image analysis gives improved diagnostic and prognostic specificity [ 67, 68].
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We then assessed the prognostic prediction specificity in the training cohort and further validated it in two independent cohorts.
In addition to a prognostic role, the specificity for ARPC1B-containing Arp2/3 complex uncovered here might provide the basis for future development of small molecule inhibitors, which would specifically target the molecular machinery mediating proliferation and dissemination of tumour cells.
In a ROC curve for the prognostic sensitivity and specificity of ALDH1, the area under curve was 0.796 Supplementary Figure 4S) and the optimal cutoff was 21.4.
On the basis of optimal threshold determined by ROC curve, prognostic parameters (sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values) were also calculated.
On the basis of optimal thresholds determined according to ROC curve analysis, prognostic parameters (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio (LR+) and negative likelihood ratio (LR–)) were also calculated.
Furthermore, these traditional prognostic indicators lack specificity, resulting in over-treatment of patients with potentially harmful adjuncts of negligible benefit beyond local curative resection, radiation and systemic endocrine therapy [12].
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