They also brought a highly developed conceptual system dealing with kingship, statecraft, and hydraulic engineering, integrated and authenticated by profound metaphysical ideologies of Indian pattern, both Hindu and Buddhist.
Despite the triumphs of two and a half years of intense diplomacy, the differences between Washington and Tehran remain profound in ideology, alliances, and regional policies.
But what strikes me, Ian, in what you've said is the more complicated business of "ideological depth" — whether one's assessment of Al Qaeda's ideology as "profound" then requires some similarly "deep" response that, given AQ's thinking, would almost have to be illiberal.
As a reader, you close the book with a profound sense of how ideology has permeated and changed every sector of collective human life, from trivial daily matters to the great ruptures of history.
"There may be groups that do not actually profess its basic ideology and profound religiosity and yet use the cover of the Tablighi Jamaat in order to evade scrutiny of the security forces, knowing full well that the Jamaat would not take a public stance against any defectors," the Canadian intelligence service said in a recent analysis.
In short, millennial beliefs and aspirations are among the most profound and versatile of medieval ideologies of social change.
Whether the double agent is British (Philby, Burgess, Maclean, Blunt, Cairncross) or a Soviet defector, the motive for betrayal must be a profound dissension from the prevailing ideology (capitalism, communism) in the country he purportedly serves.
However, one particular incident in Kasi had a profound impact on Periyar's ideology and future work.
While Democratic victories are seen as signifying nothing about the electorate's fundamental beliefs, Republican victories are inevitably described as revealing profound sea changes in American ideology.
After his humiliating capitulation in July, PM Alexis Tsipras didn't resort to merely admitting a defeat, but turned his profound U-turn into an ideology.
