Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
profound down
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "profound down" is not correct and does not convey a clear meaning in written English.
It is unclear when or how this phrase could be used due to its lack of clarity and grammatical structure. Example: "The feeling of profound down was overwhelming after the news."
⚠ May contain grammatical issues
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
59 human-written examples
These findings suggest that the upregulation of negative regulatory factors during chronic HIV disease have profound down-modulatory effects on DC functions and establishment of an overall exhausted state.
Science
Gene expression and protein analyses of Amdc-s cells showed them to overexpress several pro-angiogenic molecules, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A), and to exhibit profound down-regulation of the anti-angiogenic thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1).
Thus, multiple factors implicated in the pathogenesis of fibrosis might contribute to the profound down-regulation of PPAR-γ in SSc.
Science
The profound down-regulation of CXCL12 by miR-886-3p miR-886-3p miR-886-3pulalong with the mitsA is knocked down suggests that this miRNA is a major regulator of CXCL12.
Science
Interestingly, the reversability induced by replenishing the media with complete serum for 21 days was associated with a profound down-regulation of SphK1 activity (Fig. 9C), which went back to the levels found in parental cells.
Science
Although we also found that both NSC606985 and etoposide appeared to induce a rapid but transitory elevation of CEBPA expression in U937 but not NB4 cells, all apoptosis-inducing agents tested here induced a profound down-regulation of C/EBPα protein in leukemic cell lines NB4 and U937 as well as in primary leukemic cells when apoptosis occurred.
Science
Upon onset of apoptosis induced by various kinds of inducers such as NSC606985, etoposide and others, C/EBPα expression presented a profound down-regulation in leukemic cell lines and primary cells via induction of protein degradation and inhibition of transcription, as assessed respectively by cycloheximide inhibition test, real-time quantitative RT-PCR and luciferase reporter assay.
Science
Most significantly, and consistent with lack of Erk1/2 phosphorylation, we found a profound down-regulation of all three classes of serine/threonine kinases that monitor various aspects of mitosis, including Cdk1, Plk1 and two members of Aurora family kinase, Aurora A and B (Figure 4).
Science
Interestingly, we found that depletion of IL-7 in the KO mice led to a profound down-regulation in the development of CD127hiBcl-2hi cells within BrdU+ population (Figure 5A), and reduction of Bcl-2 expression within these cells was even more pronounced in the Bcl-2hi subset (Figure 5D).
Science
Specifically, we have obtained evidence that HIV infection causes profound down-regulations for FXR, PXR, PPARα, GR, RARα and RXRα.
Science
This profound down-regulatory effect of apoptotic cells on immunity occurs in professional and non-professional phagocytes and in non-phagocytic cells [ 2].
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
Instead of using the phrase "profound down", consider using more grammatically correct and contextually appropriate alternatives such as "deep descent", "significant downturn", or other phrases that better convey your intended meaning.
Common error
Avoid combining "profound", which describes depth or intensity, directly with directional terms like "down". This combination often results in ungrammatical or unclear sentences. Choose a more appropriate term for direction or movement.
Source & Trust
60%
Authority and reliability
1.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "profound down" is not a standard grammatical construction. Ludwig AI indicates that it is not correct. The intent might be to describe a deep decline or a significant downturn, but the phrasing itself is unconventional.
Frequent in
Science
0%
News & Media
0%
Formal & Business
0%
Less common in
Science
0%
News & Media
0%
Formal & Business
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
The phrase "profound down" is generally considered grammatically incorrect and lacks a clear, established meaning in English. Ludwig AI confirms this assessment. While the intention might be to describe a significant decline or decrease, alternative phrases such as "deep descent", "significant downturn", or "severe decline" are more appropriate and grammatically sound. When aiming for clarity and correctness, it is best to avoid "profound down" in favor of more conventional and readily understood expressions.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
deep descent
Replaces "profound" with "deep" and "down" with "descent", focusing on a significant decline.
significant downturn
Emphasizes a notable negative trend or decline, replacing "profound" with "significant".
severe decline
Highlights a serious reduction or decrease, maintaining the sense of negativity.
substantial drop
Emphasizes a considerable fall or reduction, suitable for quantifiable measures.
intense sadness
Focuses on the emotional aspect, suggesting a deep feeling of sorrow instead of a physical direction.
marked decrease
Indicates a noticeable reduction, offering a more neutral tone.
complete collapse
Suggests a total failure or breakdown, intensifying the sense of negativity.
radical reduction
Emphasizes a drastic cut or decrease, highlighting the extent of the change.
profound depression
Links "profound" to a state of deep sadness or a medical condition.
serious deterioration
Focuses on a worsening condition or decay, suitable for health or environmental contexts.
FAQs
What does "profound" usually describe?
"Profound" typically describes something deep, intense, or insightful, such as a profound understanding or a profound impact. It is not generally used to describe direction.
How can I express a deep decrease or decline correctly?
Instead of "profound down", you can use phrases like "significant decline", "substantial drop", or "severe reduction", depending on the context.
Is "profoundly down" grammatically correct?
"Profoundly down" is grammatically correct, but it implies a deep emotional state (feeling profoundly down) rather than a physical direction or decrease. It is an adverb describing the adjective.
What are some synonyms for "profound" when describing depth or insight?
Synonyms for "profound" include "deep", "intense", "insightful", and "significant", depending on the specific nuance you want to convey.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
60%
Authority and reliability
1.5/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested