For virulence, parasitism rate, survival of progeny, and productivity (i.e., product of the fecundity and survival of parasitoids) were recorded.
The optimization is achieved by maximizing the objective functions productivity (i.e. the production rate for a given amount of stationary phase) and product yield (i.e. the fraction of IgG recovered in the product stream).
The simulation results revealed that the reactor productivity, i.e. the amount of product per unit of reactor volume, achievable in micro-structured fixed-bed reactors is between 2.5 and 7 times higher than in conventional multi-tubular fixed-bed reactors without the danger of excessive pressure drop.
With increasing urbanization, land suitable and available for agriculture is diminishing and an increase in rice production has to be obtained by increasing productivity, i.e. an increased yield per unit land.
Start with productivity – I use a log scale, so that the slope of the trend represents the rate of growth.
"If you are asking me, in terms of productivity, I think this Legislature gets an A in productivity," he said.
"Fretting about my lack of productivity, I realised that's where it had gone – into these notebooks, full of to-do lists, domestic trivia, they told the story of the pram in the hall.
He was scarcely alone in his effusiveness (the letters of Thomas Carlyle and his wife, Jane, published by Duke University Press, have now reached Volume 42), but it takes a very singular brain to mock its own productivity: I hardly know which is me and which is the inkstand. . . .
"Have you any idea what 51 games of OBO coverage is going to do to my productivity?" I'm more worried about what it'll do for mine: that's 51 days of actual work.
Some scientists may be able to spend their time blogging and e-mailing without a significant impact on their scientific productivity — I'm not one of them — but I do make an effort to make my papers understandable to a wide audience.
Instead of a chain of productivity, I try to maintain that chain of adventure.
