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This so far unobserved subsite distortion is incompatible with productive substrate binding and processing.
The lid is dispensable for substrate binding and ATP hydrolysis, but is required for productive substrate folding.
These results indicate that the position of Zn2 is essential for a productive substrate binding and hydrolysis.
RasGAP has extensive specific interactions with Ras for productive substrate binding.
These would result in reduced loop flexibility and a better defined binding pocket, promoting productive substrate binding.
Thus, despite their small size, the acetyl residues linked at or close to the (Me GlcA substituted Xyl may interfere with productive substrate binding.
Similar(49)
Although these residues are not directly involved in catalysis, both arginine 39 and glutamine 28 appear to be facilitating a productive substrate-enzyme interaction during the dsRNA cleavage by HPR.
It is thus possible that although intermediate 8 could lead to a nonsubstrate-like orientation, intermediate 7 would lead to a productive substrate-like orientation and hence catalysis.
Structural analyses suggest that non-productive substrate binding at high substrate concentrations could be stabilized through stacking interactions with amino acid residues above the Y300 and W351 -2 subsite (Additional file 4: Figure S4).
Structural comparison revealed that Alda-1 interacts with ALDH2 at the substrate-binding tunnel and kinetically increased the rate of catalysis by reducing the probability of non-productive substrate hydrolysis.
For example, stochiometric analysis uncovered non-productive, substrate-stimulated ATPase activity (thus, approximately 2 and 1.2 ATP molecules are utilized to synthesize each molecule of 1-Ins P7 and Ins P8, respectively).
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