Production of McEwan's draught beers was transferred to the Caledonian Brewery with cans of McEwan's Export being produced at John Smith's Brewery in Tadcaster.
Surra infection results in anaemia, losses in weight, milk and meat production, and losses in draught power, most often during chronic evolution which can lead to totally wasted animals); occasionally the evolution may be acute, quickly leading to death.
African livestock trypanosomes are threatening 48 million cattle in an area of 10 million sq/km in 37 African countries [ 3]; they cause fever, anaemia, weakness, and nervous symptoms, responsible for major production losses (meat, milk, draught power, fertility, and manure), leading to cachexia and sometimes abortion and/or death in the absence of treatment.
However, relatively few large-scale selective sweep studies have been conducted in cattle to elucidate the genes which have historically been selected by humans to create the existing diversity of breeds and specialised biological types for draught, milk and meat production [ 23].
Buffalo is the most important farm animal species in Asia, especially India, where it is extensively used for milk, meat, fuel and fertilizer production (from manure), as well as for draught power [ 1].
It is common knowledge that surra is an economically important disease, which causes high mortality, low milk and meat production, poor carcass quality, reduced reproductive performance, decreased draught power and manure production, and immunosuppression in livestock [ 94, 102– 105].
Infection by the virus may result in substantial economic losses; these include production losses (e.g. reduced milk yields, lameness in draught animals, loss of weight, abortions, delayed conception, peri-natal mortality) as well as effects from restrictions on sales and exports of livestock and livestock products [ 7].
In the endangered breeds, specific uses should be supported to maintain a demand for such horses (production of mules for the POIT breed, ecotourism for local breeds, draught activities, meat production).
Forced-draught fired heaters are commonly employed in offshore oil and gas production facilities.
The Indian data shows greater concentration of livestock production in the rural areas reflecting the close links between crop cultivation and the need for draught power.
