Exact(6)
I was disturbed by the acknowledgment of flagrant violations of the Priceline grocery service policies in "Confessions of an Online Applesauce Thief" (Online Shopper, April 13), which talked about making product substitutions that are not allowed.
The advantage of these electronic machines was speed of operation; the disadvantages were the cryptanalytic weaknesses inherited from mechanical rotor machines and the principle of cyclically shifting simple substitutions for realizing more complex product substitutions.
Seasonal shutdowns of these capacities are possible and finished product substitutions are taken into account.
An integrated approach might include consequential LCA that evaluates changes in harvest activity on carbon emissions including all sources of emissions and product substitutions.
But this is not an effective proxy for a consequential LCA, which might include harvesting, transportation and processing emissions, as well as product substitutions, and other trade components not included in the two approaches used here.
Make comparable product substitutions.
Similar(54)
A baseline process is developed and is compared with a non-CO2 utilizing conventional methanol plant (process substitution) and a gasoline production process (product substitution) in terms of the established criteria.
When the composite service index was calculated using a separate set of importance weights for each of the three groupings of the education factor, we see similar patterns; where harvested biomass is utilized for the production of ethanol (and product substitution is not assumed), the index initially declines after harvest and increases as harvested stands recover biomass and carbon (Fig. 4).
From the evidence presented here, English livestock farmers' response to straw price increases would appear to be price inelastic; while some product substitution may occur, the importance of straw within livestock production would conceivably lead to these livestock farmers outcompeting bioenergy purchasers.
It is important to acknowledge that the adoption of a product substitution term in this framework assumes that products do in fact substitute for other, more carbon-intensive products.
"We are particularly concerned with product substitution fraud that can impact safety," said Paul Shawcross, executive officer for the inspector general.
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