Sentence examples for produced by duplication from inspiring English sources

The NcCOG is not a simple, decisive categorization because of the co-orthologous relationship of protein genes produced by duplication of orthologous genes subsequent to a speciation event.

In a gene family, the fate of new genes produced by duplication would either evolve a new function under positive selection, or be lost during evolution [ 53].

In contrast to extensive functional and/or pseudogene paralogs found in mammals [ 17, 31], the majority of snoRNAs in chicken remain singletons, whereas some other novel paralogs are produced by duplication and seem specific to the chicken lineage.

The close sequence homology and the similar exon/intron structure, suggests that AtPDIL1-2 of Arabidopsis, OsPDIL1-1 of rice and TaPDIL1-1 of wheat represent the orthologous genes, whereas AtPDIL1-1, OsPDIL1-2 and OsPDIL1-3 would be paralogous genes produced by duplication and diversification events.

The PTP copies produced by duplications were shown to undergo conservative evolution along with episodes of adaptive evolution.

Moreover, we observed that with one exception (OsNIP1 2/ OsNIP1;3), the gene pairs predicted to be produced by duplications showed similar gene structures, even though the lengths of introns might be different.

For both superfamilies, the lineage-specific duplicates are often physically linked, suggesting that they have been produced by tandem duplication, an apparently frequent event in the evolutionary lineage leading to Nematostella vectensis.

Bmglv2 4 were produced by gene duplication from the ancestor Bmglv1 and lost its fifth intron.

Most protein coding genes are produced by gene duplication followed by neofunctionalisation and/or subfunctionalisation.

These nonorthologous MCAs may be produced by gene duplication before the divergence of the two species.

They are most probably variant copies of Oak4, potentially produced by gene duplication.