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This may reflect either a general advantage for fear-relevant compared to neutral stimuli, or might be due to a higher level of expertise in processing schematic spiders as compared to the more artificially looking flower stimuli.
Thus, the enhanced N170 for spiders in this study might be interpreted on the one hand as being due to a higher level of expertise in processing schematic spiders as compared to the more artificially looking flower stimuli, on the other hand it might reflect a general advantage for fear-relevant compared to neutral stimuli.
The larger early visual P1 amplitudes in phobic compared to non-phobic subjects replicate earlier studies that also observed enhanced P1 amplitudes in phobic compared to non-phobic subjects when processing schematic flower/spider stimuli or schematic emotional faces [ 14, 51, 52].
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The processing of schematic spiders elicited larger N170 amplitudes than the processing of schematic flowers.
Figure 1 Fabrication of tantalum-based nanodot arrays using AAO processing.a Schematic representation of fabrication procedure.b SEM images of the fabricated nanodot arrays.c AFM images of the fabricated nanodot arrays.
We compared processing of schematic and detailed visual stimuli like those in Figure 1, and expected that only the latter modulate iGBRs, since the refinement of an initial rough categorization would only be possible for more detailed stimuli.
Behavioral and electrophysiological correlates of the processing of schematic spider and flower images were investigated while participants performed a color (emotional Stroop) and an object identification task.
However, in a study investigating the processing of schematic spider and flower stimuli consisting of the same visual elements, Kolassa et al. [ 14] found generally enhanced P100 amplitudes in individuals with spider phobia and individuals with social phobia, as compared to non-phobic controls.
Overall, our data suggest that the neural correlates of self-schematic processing of slim other women's bodies differ between women with BN and HCs; in contrast, the neural correlates of processing visual food stimuli do not differ substantially.
However, no fMRI study has investigated whether or which alterations in brain function (e.g. in the insula), are associated with this phenomenological distinction between women with and without BN using self-schematic processing of other slim bodies.
First, we used a written instruction before each block of stimuli that aimed to engage participants to think about eating the food in the picture, or to stimulate self-schematic processing of their own body in comparison to pictures of thin women.
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