The case before the court concerned only medical devices that had gone through the premarket approval process specified by the Medical Device Amendments of 1976.
The random sequence, is modeled as first-order Markov process specified by the pdf of the initial kinematic state, the transition pdf, the transition probabilities,, and the initial probabilities,.
It is easy to see that such a model is a branching process with immigrants: the background (immigrant) process is a Poisson process; once an event occurs, irrespective of whether it is from the background processes or triggered by a previous event, this earthquake triggers a non-stationary Poisson process, specified by Eq. (3) as its children process.
The evolution of DNA sequences can be modeled as a Markov process specified by a substitution rate matrix R (Lio and Goldman 1998).
The accuracy of measured processes are specified by the bias, precision, and the statistical distribution of the individual observations.
A set of location-weighted landscape contrast indices was used to analyze the effect of land cover changes on soil erosion processes, as specified by the following indices: slope gradient, flow path length, relative altitude, and relative distance.
If α k gives the instantaneous per capita transition rate from state i ( k ) to state j ( k ), then the full Markov process is specified by a collection of independent standard (unit rate) Poisson processes Y k each representing the occurrence of i ( k ) → j ( k ) transitions as follows.
Note that X H (t) is a Gaussian process completely specified by its mean, variance, H parameter.
In LTRHMM2s, the state sequence is a second-order Markov chain where the stochastic process is specified by a 3D matrix.
