Individual cells are linked by the spatially explicit processes of seed dispersal, landscape disturbances and forest management.
The future of tropical biodiversity in human-dominated landscapes will be conservation and restoration of processes of seed dispersal by birds and mammals.
Spatial processes of seed dispersal, surface water fluxes depending on topographic convergence, and fire spread are used to accurately simulate landscape heterogeneity.
The latter may be declining species bound for extinction, incipient species adjusting to environmental changes, or relics of past warmer and more seasonal climates that will be resurrected if processes of seed dispersal allow them to persist and spread.
Identification of the corresponding target genes and study of their roles will elucidate possible functions of miRNAs and target genes in relevant processes of seed development.
Studying the broad patterns of gene expression change in these later stages of seed development can yield important insights into the processes of seed filling, desiccation, and preparation for quiescence and germination.
Ten genes involved in major metabolic processes of seed development according to the literature were selected to measure transcript abundance across seed development stages ranging from 10 to 60 DAP using real time-PCR (Additional file 15: Table S7).
Targeted cell separation is also involved in the processes of seed germination, lateral root emergence, pollen tube penetration through the transmitting tract, and shedding of columella root cap cells [ 37, 38].
Affymetrix arrays can provide a comprehensive description and real-time changes at the whole-transcriptome level during seed germination and have been used to investigate the biological processes of seed germination in many plants such as Arabidopsis [ 22], barley [ 23, 24], rice [ 25] and maize [ 26].
In the deterioration process of seeds under subzero temperature, there was no special tissue structure initiating deterioration.
Although iodine-125 presents low energy photons, around 29 keV, local and personal dosimeters are used during the separation and distribution process of seeds as described in CNEN NN 3.01 standard "Diretrizes Básicas de Proteção Radiológica" (Radiological Protection Basic Guidelines).
