Together with Rho GTPases [ 78, 79], these PKCs might be actively involved in the dynamic processes of cell protrusion and adhesion [ 78, 80].
Beside the essential role for the focal adhesions assembly, integrin-mediated FAK signaling governs focal adhesion turnover (adhesion dynamic) to ensure a dynamic and complex process of the membrane protrusion during cell migration.
During the process of migration alone, fibroblasts exhibit lamellipodial protrusion and retraction, filopodial protrusion and retraction, bleb protrusion and retraction, trailing edge retraction, ruffling, and quiescence.
We then review the processes involved in determining the type of protrusion formed by migrating cells, in particular in vivo, in the context of embryonic development.
Cell motility is classically described as a stepwise process that involves protrusion of the leading edge of the cell, stabilization of nascent adhesions, contraction of the cell body, rupture of rear adhesions, and retraction of the trailing edge, which together lead to net translocation of the cell [2], [3].
The process of cell migration begins with protrusions formed by cell at the leading edge in response to an appropriate migration stimulus.
The process of epithelial fusion involves cellular protrusions that extend from the leading edges of apposing SE cells (Waterman, 1976, Geelen and Langman, 1979, Pyrgaki et al., 2010).
It is radiologically defined by the amount of protrusion of the tip of the odontoid process by more than 5 mm beyond McGregor's line.
Thus, it is possible that by lowering the overall flare of protrusion, depletion of Pfn1 may actually facilitate this process and enhance directional motility.
After the levelling process, a protrusion utility arch was bent out of a 0.016 × 0.022-in 0.022-in
