When Mr. Rybolovlev sold his fertilizer company, Uralkali, in 2007, the proceeds flowed to Aries and Virgo, the Cyprus shell companies, Mr. Newman said, ensuring the money's safety.
Apart from the proceeds flowing to the demand response service providers and customers, the technique may also ultimately cut costs for nonparticipants.
Why the government stepped back is unclear, but Hastings argued that it had still benefited from a share of the proceeds flowing back to it, without attracting such opprobrium or having to worry about production and drug busts.
He told the FT: "The rapacious aggregators of news should pay a tax, with the proceeds flowing through to media companies that create the content they use to generate advertising revenues".
According to a lawsuit filed in March in federal bankruptcy court in Montana by the Yellowstone Club's unsecured creditors, the resulting $375 million loan was a "fraudulent transfer" because the bulk of the proceeds flowed not to the club but to the Blixseths.
For her second book, "Dear Socks, Dear Buddy," Mrs. Clinton gave the copyright to the National Parks Foundation, taking no tax deduction and allowing all of the proceeds to flow to that charity.
"Originally people asked: 'Why wasn't there a deal done to allow an element of the [property] proceeds to flow back to the state?'," he muses.
