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The test face contrast (controlled by a staircase procedure), the variance of the Gaussian noise (fixed throughout), and the prior probability of either face being presented (equal), were known to the ideal observer.
Using this procedure, the variance of normalized probe intensities was approximately independent of their expected absolute expression levels.
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This appendix presents a calculation procedure of the variance of (M_{t}), which is defined as (operatorname{Var} [ M_{t} ] = mathrm{E} [ M_{t}^{2} ] - ( mathrm{E} [ M_{t} ] )^{2}).
The procedure stabilizes the variance and normalizes the concentration values, both of which are required for preprocessing high-dimensional data and making inferences.
Across the forest of decision trees, this procedure computes the variance in the dependent variable that is explained by the model.
The standard error for the parameters was estimated using a standard procedure to estimate the variance of a function about a point [ 41].
Amiri et al. (2014) developed a probabilistic neural network (PNN -based PNN -basedto estimate the variance change procedurea univariato procestimate normal qualithecharacteristic.
Salmeri et al. [29] introduced different weights to various subregions based on a similarity measure followed by a fuzzy procedure to estimate the variance of noise.
A normalization procedure based on the variance in the dataset was used as previously described [ 9].
In this paper, we use the FFT procedure to decompose the variance of the reaction times into these two additive components.
The variance of the C index can be calculated by bootstrapping or by means of a jackknife procedure (27), whereas the variance of the D measure is simply a log hazard ratio variance.
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