The first scan of the head and neck was performed at screening, before biopsy, to obviate effects of the biopsy procedure on glucose uptake.
These discrepancies may be due to the small size of populations studied as well as may reflect the differences in diagnostic procedures, severity of glucose intolerance, or anthropometric and ethnical [ 16] characteristics.
Overnight fasting is also a common procedure in experiments of glucose metabolism or OGTT (e.g., Ajabnoor and Tilmisany 1988; Gibbs et al. 1995).
The extraction procedure of the sugars (glucose, fructose, sucrose, and maltose) was carried out as described by Medlicott and Thompson (1985) with slight modifications.
This procedure allows the evaluation of glucose phosphorylation activity instead of simple glucose uptake activity.
Km values were determined from the mean value of rates (in duplicates or triplicates) at six concentrations of substrate (PNPG or cellobiose), and Ki values were determined by the same procedure with four concentrations of glucose.
The duodenal switch operation, introduced by Hess in 1988 [ 5], variant of the biliopancreatic diversion of Scopinaro [ 1, 2], helps in preserving normal eating habits, and the majority of patients undergoing the procedure will have normalization of glucose levels, triglyceride levels and blood pressure early weeks after the surgery [ 3- 5].
In our study population, all patients undergoing bowel surgery (n = 18) received a bowel preparation (2,000 ml of mannitol solution per os) administered over a period of 2 3 hours and started 16 hrs before the surgical procedure, and 2,500 ml of glucose solution intravenously over the same period.
Biological procedures for the determination of glucose levels have been described elsewhere (15).
