In the absence of consensus on guiding principles, the problem of priority setting becomes one of procedural justice – legitimate institutions using fair processes [ 12].
The first purpose is to promote respect for a State's legitimate procedural rules.
Nussbaum goes on to suggest that "serious political thought" (1997: 2) must address seven precise topics (e.g., "procedural justification" [ procedures…that legitimate and/or justify the resulting proposals" for "political structure"], "gender and the family," and "justice between nations") — most of which, of course, Nietzsche does not address.
It also set out the approach to be taken in safeguarding procedural and substantive legitimate expectations.
Singaporean courts have accepted the existence of both procedural and substantive legitimate expectations.
Lawyers for Fisher, Gyemore, Tilley and Johnson Jr responded in court papers by arguing that the March meeting was not legitimate on procedural grounds, including that inadequate notice was given to the broader W&J group.
Donaldson and Preston (1995) argue that stakeholder theory has a normative core based on two basic concepts: firstly, stakeholders have legitimate interests in procedural and/or substantive aspects of corporate activity; and secondly, the interests of all stakeholders are of intrinsic value.
If, however, we believe that what drives and sustains torture is more than malevolent intention or political ideology, either on the part of direct perpetrators or those higher up, then we need to step in close to capture the actual factors – structural, systemic, procedural and cultural – that authorize, incentivize, legitimate, facilitate, and create opportunities for torture to occur.
The procedural dimension of the doctrine of legitimate expectation has been recognized by Singapore courts.
