The main problem, in the estimation of the optimum combiner filter, resides in the estimation of the covariance matrix of the interference plus noise in addition to the estimation of the useful user propagation channel.
Altman et al. [ 17] addressed a similar problem in the estimation of GA using head circumference by restricting the range of measurements included in the regression analyses.
In particular, our method is not susceptible to overfitting, which is otherwise a frequent problem in the estimation of mixture models from sparse data.
The processing order was particularly important when some reference bulls with extremely high or low EBV happened to have extremely high EDC, because those extreme phenotypic values could lead to extreme regression estimates of SNP markers with a low heterozygosity and thus could cause a convergence problem in the estimation of SNP effects.
Further, for S MIS, frequent convergence problems occurred in the estimation of variance components.
The results suggest that when analyzing binary data with extreme case problems, bias in the estimation of variance components could be eliminated, or at least significantly reduced by using a g-prior.
The primary problem lies in the estimation of horizontal transition probability matrix (HTPM), one key input of the CMC model.
Another problem encountered in the estimation of stromal content histologically, and therefore by both LCM and macrodissection, is the 'reference trap'.
The problems usually confronted in the estimation of raw CNs are discussed in the background section.
