(This is consistent with thinking that a meta-understanding of the workings of mathematical, modal or moral discourse is important to philosophy; but then there seems no reason why such a meta-understanding should be problematic for methodological naturalism).
The question of how to determine, justify and make the normative framework explicit for empirical-ethical research is a crucial one because direct inferences from descriptive data to normative conclusions are problematic for theoretical, methodological and pragmatic reasons [ 17].
This latter assumption is problematic: according to [13], methodological issues have not been fully resolved regarding the potential underestimation of long-term variability in methods such as climate-field reconstruction or proxy scaling.
74 In addition to the clinical trials of interferons in MS, a number of reviews have aimed to assess the effectiveness of these therapeutic interventions, 3, 13, 58, 75– 83 but arriving at a consensus has been problematic due to the methodological quality of trials undertaken.
Since the current study included clinical cases in full or partial remission, it is important to have in mind (it is well known and described in the international literature), that the assessment of personality in the presence of anxious or depressive symptomatology (but some say even in remission) is somewhat problematic, and full of methodological pitfalls [ 24].
Despite many studies reporting the prevalence of overweight and obesity in school children, cross-national comparisons might be problematic due to some methodological issues [ 4]: the use of different criteria to classify children as overweight and obese [ 5], the variety of ages included, or how height and weight were measured [ 6].
This study is problematic with regard to various methodological points, meaning that it is not possible to correctly interpret the results of its primary endpoint.
Financial, institutional, personal, and methodological issues are not problematic for the majority of respondents.
A stronger case might be made for the problematic pervasiveness of model mis-specification, methodological inconsistency, lineage-specific biases, long-branch attraction, paralogy, or (for systematics) the grade- vs-clade issue.
This brings about methodological difficulties as it is problematic to create a research environment in these circumstances allowing for a methodologically correct evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of the algorithm.
